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本帖最后由 Nyarlathotep666 于 2020-7-18 14:25 编辑
高速蜗牛 发表于 2020-6-5 14:12
Reference:
[1] Sim, S. Y. L., Saperia, J., Brown, J. A., & Bernieri, F. J. (2015). Judging attrac ...
很久没上论坛了,之前都没发现这个万年坟贴被回了。刚才发现高速蜗牛同学的回复,抽空阅读了一下她提供的references。
首先我要声明的是,[2]是一篇博客文章,并不一定具有严肃的学术目的,且这篇博客主要是分析了 [1] 。
其次,我认为高速蜗牛同学和 [2]的作者,对 [1] 的结论有严重的误读。一句话的TL;DR: [1] 不是在讨论男性和女性对自己评价的准确度,而是在讨论什么会影响男性和女性对他人的评价。
为了方便起见,我把 [1] 的abstract部分摘录如下
Tennis and Dabbs (1975) reported that physically attractive males showed a positivity bias when rating the attractiveness of others. The opposite pattern was observed for females. We attempted to replicate and extend these findings by: (1) using self-assessed attractiveness rather than the experimentally derived attractiveness measure used in previous research, (2) using face-to-face interactions with targets as opposed to using photographs, and (3) examining the effect of another ego-involving attribute: intelligence. Consistent with previous research, attractiveness judgments made by men, but not women, correlated positively with their own self-perceived level of attractiveness (r = .51, p < .001). Attractiveness judgments made by women, but not men, correlated negatively with their intelligence (r = −.32, p = .001). Judgments of attractiveness are thus biased by a rater’s own attributes (e.g. attractiveness and intelligence), but these effects are not generalizable across men and women raters, and may be driven by different mechanisms.
在上面这段abstract明确地指出了,文章关于男性的结论是:男性的attractiveness与attractiveness judgements made by men,是正相关的 —— 注意这个attractiveness judgements made by men,指的不是别人对这个人的打分,而是这个人对别人的打分。如果阅读 [1]的第三节Method部分,这是显而易见的。由此可见,这篇文献并不是讲对自己overrate/underrate的,而是讲自我特质对判断其他人外貌的影响。
同时,[1] 也承认了,这个研究早在1975年就有人做过了 [3]。而 [1] 仅仅是在一些细节改进了方法并重新做了实验,并且实验结果与 [3]一致。那么 [3]的研究内容与结论是什么呢?我摘录其abstract部分:
Judges rated the physical attractiveness of others from photographs and were themselves photographed and rated on physical attractiveness. Male and female judges gave similar ratings to attractive targets, but when rating unattractive targets, male judges showed assimilation effects and female judges showed contrast effects. Assimilation produces a positive correlation between judge's own attractiveness and attractiveness ratings assigned to others; contrast produces a negative correlation between judges' own attractiveness and attractiveness ratings assigned to others. Sex of the per sons being rated had no effect. Data were graphically presented as 3-dimensional surfaces generated by a computer mapping program.
同样,这里说的很清楚了,“Assimilation produces a positive correlation between judge's own attractiveness and attractiveness ratings assigned to others” —— 是to others,not by others。即研究的是judge们自身attractiveness和给别人的attractiveness打分之间的correlation。It says nothing about overating themselves!
说到这里,事实已经很清楚了:高速蜗牛同学和 [2]的作者对于原文的理解是不准确的,甚至是误差极大的——直接连研究的问题都搞错了。读文章一定要严谨,搜索关键词看了别人的博客说了什么就人云亦云,是科研工作者的大忌。与君共勉。
================================与上述讨论无关的分界线=====================
好吧既然都说了这么多了,我们顺带地来讲一下,[1] 和 [3] 这篇文章到底说的是什么,其结论是什么。根据上面两段abstract,我来用大白话翻译一下:
关于男生,[1] 和[3] 结论一致,即:自己觉得自己帅的男人看谁都好看,自己觉得自己丑的男人看谁都丑。
关于女生,[3] 的结论是:觉得自己好看的女生,普遍觉得别人都挺难看;觉得自己难看的女生,普遍觉得别人都好看。
[1] 的结论则与其不同,[1] 认为女生对别人的评价跟自己好不好看没啥关系,但是跟智商有关:智商不高的女生普遍觉得别人都好看,而智商高的女生普遍觉得别人都不好看。
Reference:
[1] Sim, S. Y. L., Saperia, J., Brown, J. A., & Bernieri, F. J. (2015). Judging attractiveness: Biases due to raters’ own attractiveness and intelligence. Cogent Psychology, 2(1), 996316. Full article: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23311908.2014.996316
[2] https://www.psychologytoday.com/ ... -looking-they-think
[3] Tennis, G. H., & Dabbs, J. M. (1975). Judging physical attractiveness: Effects of judges’ own attractiveness. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,1, 513–516.
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