但是,我得告诉大家,arguement不单单是要你找逻辑错误. 1point3acres.com
内在的要求是你自己的文章也要很具有逻辑性
什么叫很具有逻辑性???
不明白么?
那就是你文章的组织,你段与段之间的关系. 1point3acres
不能拉出来什么就是什么,什么逻辑问题能说的多就先说什么
什么逻辑来不及说或者说不清楚,就草草结束
逻辑错误应该从大到小,而不是简单的先到先排. check 1point3acres for more.
我希望大家在看了我的分析后,能对你们的arguement有个全新的理解。
也希望支持我的朋友,能给我的帖子评分
毕竟要给大家分享自己辛苦得到的经验,首先就是件很费力气的事情.google и
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-baidu 1point3acres
arguement51The following appeared in a medical newsletter.
"Doctors have long suspected that secondary infections may keep some patients from healing quickly after severe muscle strain. This hypothesis has now been proved by preliminary results of a study of two groups of patients. The first group of patients, all being treated for muscle injuries by Dr. Newland, a doctor who specializes in sports medicine, took antibiotics regularly throughout their treatment. Their recuperation time was, on average, 40 percent quicker than typically expected. Patients in the second group, all being treated by Dr. Alton, a general physician, were given sugar pills, although the patients believed they were taking antibiotics. Their average recuperation time was not significantly reduced. Therefore, all patients who are diagnosed with muscle strain would be well advised to take antibiotics as part of their treatment“
这个题目,我会分成3快
第一是前提:Doctors have long suspected that secondary infections may keep some patients from healing quickly after severe muscle strain. Waral dи,
第二是结论:Therefore, all patients who are diagnosed with muscle strain would be well advised to take antibiotics as part of their treatment
剩下来的都是论据。
但是请分清楚这些都是谁的论据,他们都是用来证明“This hypothesis has now been proved by preliminary results of a study of two groups of patients.”的
那换言之,就是前提的论据。
那现在我们来分析,这3者间的逻辑关系
前提和结论 可以说是一个因果关系 (至少作者想体现出一种因果关系)
论据和前提 也可以说是一个因果关系,因为这里的论据是用来证明前提的
但是,究竟哪个逻辑关系是主关系呢?
显然应该是前提和结论的因果关系. check 1point3acres for more.
如果你承认这点,那么就应该在你的第一攻击点,首先考虑攻击这个关系
反过来说,如果你第一段攻击了,那2个病人的实验,那你就是主次没分清楚
好,我们来看,这个结论和前提的因果关系到底有什么逻辑问题!
这个又是一个读题目能力的考察,一定要仔细啊!!!
前提:Doctors have long suspected that secondary infections may keep some patients from healing quickly after severe muscle strain. ----
结论:Therefore, all patients who are diagnosed with muscle strain would be well advised to take antibiotics as part of their treatment
Argument17: The following appeared in a letter to the editor of the Walnut Grove town newspaper.
'Walnut Grove's town council has advocated switching from EZ Disposal (which has had the contract for trash collection services in Walnut Grove for the past ten years) to ABC Waste, because EZ recently raised its monthly fee from $2,000 to $2,500 a month, whereas ABC's fee is still $2,000. But the town council is mistaken; we should continue using EZ. EZ collects trash twice a week, while ABC collects only once. Moreover, EZ—which, like ABC, currently has a fleet of 20 trucks—has ordered additional trucks. Finally, EZ provides exceptional service: 80 percent of respondents to last year's town survey agreed that they were 'satisfied' with EZ's performance.'
在这里我请求大家花点时间思考下,你自己的话,你会怎么写
然后再看我下面的内容
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我不知道大家是怎么写的-baidu 1point3acres
但是我两个同学写的文章简直如出一辙!!!
攻击的3段内容是: ..
1。 the arguer fails to provide necessary and confident evidence about whether the residents of Walnut Grove care more about the frequency of the trash collection than the amount of money they paid
2。the fact that EZ has ordered additional trucks tells us little about EZ’s performance
3。the argument depends on a survey that 80 percent of respondents to last year’s town survey agreed that they were ‘satisfied’ with EZ’s performance.
这个文章的逻辑链是什么???
我同学,说的很简单
结论:we should continue using EZ
证据1:EZ collects trash twice a week, while ABC collects only once
证据2:EZ—which, like ABC, currently has a fleet of 20 trucks—has ordered additional trucks
证据3:80 percent of respondents to last year's town survey agreed that they were 'satisfied' with EZ's performance.
如果你找不到,那你就有必要好好思考下自己以前写的文章了,也应该好好思考下自己以后要写的文章了。. .и
. 1point3acres.com
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. 1point3acres.com
那怎么找?我的方法就是顺着逻辑链,顺藤摸瓜. .и
这个地方我再贴下文章原文
'Walnut Grove's town council has advocated switching from EZ Disposal (which has had the contract for trash collection services in Walnut Grove for the past ten years) to ABC Waste, because EZ recently raised its monthly fee from $2,000 to $2,500 a month, whereas ABC's fee is still $2,000. But the town council is mistaken; we should continue using EZ. EZ collects trash twice a week, while ABC collects only once. Moreover, EZ—which, like ABC, currently has a fleet of 20 trucks—has ordered additional trucks. Finally, EZ provides exceptional service: 80 percent of respondents to last year's town survey agreed that they were 'satisfied' with EZ's performance.'
首先有一点是非常明确的
文章的结论是:But the town council is mistaken; we should continue using EZ.
结论后面的3个证据是很明显的。但是正如我上个文章所说,关键不是看出来这个是证据,而是看出来,它们是谁的证据!!!
http://bbs.gter.net/bbs/viewthre ... type%26typeid%3D100
接着就是前面一大块。
第一个回答,是不是很有点无理取闹的意思?. 1point 3 acres
只是擦边球打下,对于EZ刚才说的话,没有多大合理的辩驳
argument56
Collectors prize the ancient life-size clay statues of human figures made on Kali Island but have long wondered how the Kalinese artists were able to depict bodies with such realistic precision. Since archeologists have recently discovered molds of human heads and hands on Kali, we can now conclude that the ancient Kalinese artists used molds of actual bodies, not sculpting tools and techniques, to create these statues. This discovery explains why Kalinese miniature statues were abstract and entirely different in style: molds could only be used for life-size sculptures. It also explains why few ancient Kalinese sculpting tools have been found. In light of this development, collectors should expect the life-size sculptures to decrease in value and the miniatures to increase in value.
当然不得不说,这个题目拿到手,还是感觉比较棘手的,原因就在于他可攻击的点很多,感觉文章很乱。但是在这个地方,大家应该高兴才是,因为越乱的文章,越能写出自己的水平。
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我同学认为结论是:. 1point 3 acres
The author concludes that the ancient Kalinese(K) artists used molds of actual bodies, not sculpting tools and techniques to create status because archeologists have recently discovered molds of human heads and hands on Kali.
给出的是这样的攻击顺序:
First of all, the precondition of the conclusion that the discovery of molds of human heads and hands does not validate the assumption that the ancient Kalinese(K) artists used molds of actual bodies, not sculpting tools and techniques to create status.
Secondly, the author concludes that since molds could only be used for life-size sculptures Kalinese miniature statues were abstract and entirely different in style too hastily.
In the third place, based on the fact that few ancient Kalinese sculpting tools have been found the author infers that the ancient Kalinese(K) artists did not use sculpting tools and techniques to create status.