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考试日期:2019.03.17
考试地点:杭州市 学院路教育考试院考点
考试顺序:VQVQV (第一个V为加试)
考试机经:. Χ
长阅读 passage22 -baidu 1point3acres
Until around 1930 few United States Civil War historians paid much attention to Southerners
who opposed the 1861-1865 secession from the United States by a confederacy of Southern
states. Southern historians clung instead to a notion of the South’s unanimity in the face of
Northern aggression. Only when scholars such as Lonn decided to examine this side of the
war did historian of the Confederacy begin to recognize the existence of Southerners loyal to
the Union (Unionists). While these early historians of Southern dissent broke new ground, they
also reproduced Confederate authoritie’s negative view of loyalists as shady characters driven
by dubious motives. Even Tatum, who took a largely sympathetic attitude toward loyalists,
tended to lump them into nebulous categories, offering broad generalizations that ignored the
particulars of Unionists’ identities and experiences.
This early-twentieth-century historiography nonetheless represented the leading research on
dissent in the South until the 1960s and 1970s. Spurred by the advent of social historical
methods, a new generation of historians found Unionists interesting as manifestations of the
Confederacy’s internal weaknesses. Focusing on the Appalachian Mountain and upper South
regions of the Confederacy, these scholars argued that there was a profound divide among
Southern Whites between those who benefited economically from slave-run plantations and
those who did not. One such historian was Escott, who emphasized regional and economic
conflict among Southerners. Escott cast Unionists and other dissenters as antiplanter
mountaineers who could not, by reason of economic and social alienation, identify with the
proslavery Southern cause. This theme has heavily influenced the work of subsequent
scholars, who commonly place Unionists at the extreme end of a continuum of class-based .--
Confederate disaffection that was ultimately responsible for the South’s collapse. Because the
driving force behind such inquiries into loyalist history has been a desire to explain
Confederate ideology, politics, and defeat, emphasis has been placed on the ways loyalist .google и
Southerners diverged from the political and economic mainstream of Confederate
nationalism.
Only recently have some Civil War historians begun to make Unionists and their
experiences, rather than the Confederate state, the center of inquiry. These scholars have
done intensive community and local studies of dissenting groups that take into account a
range of social and cultural, as well as military and political, factors at work on the Southern .--
home front. Hoping to better understand who remained loyal to the Union during the war, these
historians have sought to explain the Civil War’s underlying character, dimensions, and impact
in particular counties or towns, especially in the upper South and Appalachia. This relatively
new trend has stressed the particular, delved into the complexities of political allegiances on
the home front, and, as Sutherland notes, highlighted “the gritty experience of real people”.
短阅读passage66
In recent decades, scholars of American literature have skillfully revealed authors’ simultaneous accommodation and resistance to an increasingly commercialized, capitalized
environment during the early nineteenth century. Historians of the period have not, however,
fully exploited literary criticism, due to the disciplinary boundaries that mark contemporary . Χ
academic research. Few historians have extensive training in critical theory and its specialized
languages, and the sheer volume of work in early American history and literature challenges . Χ
anyone who would master either field, much less both. Moreover, historians study people
across the nation, but much literary scholarship called “American” actually examines works
produced in northeastern states. And historians usually study the operations of capitalism in its
details, while literary critics produce a generalized picture of literary commodification..
短阅读passage48,出了两个问题
When studying shrimp feeding from hydro-thermal vents at the bottom of the ocean, biologists
were surprised that the shrimps’ reproductive cycles followed seasonal patterns. Far beyond
the reach of sunlight, and with food abundant around the vents all year round, why should
such animals reproduce seasonally? The answer might involve their offspring, which in their
larval form drift in the currents to colonize new vents. The larvae must feed during their trip,
and their springtime release coincides with a peak in algae raining down from surface waters.
So far, researchers have found no evidence of seasonal breeding among vent-dwelling . 1point3acres
species that provide their offspring with yolk to sustain them or among vent-dwelling
species found in areas of the ocean with not seasonal algae blooms.
issue是领导人应该每五年更换一次
argument是B岛要降低事故率,要学习S岛,去限制moped的租赁数量 |
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