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本贴简要以时间顺序回顾一下纳粹排犹的标志性事件,突出其整体进程的“切香肠”特征。随着时间的推移,NG的人力资本逐渐转化为现金、股票、房产等其他资本形式,这些资本形式在特殊时期可能更难以转移。短期在美工作可能提升人力资本,但总的来说待越久越难挪,NG应权衡风险利弊,早做打算。
1933,全面执政,一系列包涵雅利安人字眼的法案被通过,将犹太人从关键职位上排除出去,如禁止犹太人从事法律新闻行业、拥有农庄,或从事农业工作
“the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service was passed, which excluded Jews and other "non-Aryans" from the civil service. Jews were disbarred from practicing law, being editors or proprietors of newspapers, joining the Journalists' Association, or owning farms.
1935,纽伦堡法案,严格定义犹太人(大于等于三个祖父母是犹太人)并进一步加以限制。
"Anyone with three or more Jewish grandparents was classified as a Jew. Marriages between Jews and subjects of the state of German or related blood are forbidden." Sexual relationships between them were also criminalized; Jews were not allowed to employ German women under the age of 45 in their homes."
1938,水晶之夜(Kristallnacht)
这个事件本身就值得很大篇幅,但一个起因是移民局revoke所有外国人居留许可、需要重新申请新许可。这个事件导致德国波兰边境出现犹太难民危机,危机导致一名家人受到影响的犹太人在法国刺杀德国外交官,然后宣传机器启动。
附上一些细节,绿卡也不太稳
"In August 1938, German authorities announced that residence permits for foreigners were being canceled and would have to be renewed."
"They were ordered to leave their homes in a single night and were allowed only one suitcase per person to carry their belongings. As the Jews were taken away, their remaining possessions were seized as loot both by Nazi authorities and by neighbors."
入籍了的护照需要额外标注
“On October 5, 1938, the Reich Ministry of the Interior invalidates all German passports held by Jews. Jews must surrender their old passports, which will become valid only after the letter “J” has been stamped on them."
之后1939二战爆发,1941确定最终解决方案,1942万湖会议讨论具体执行。总的来看前后大约10年。 |