KMF阅读240篇Passage 215答案有争议，求讨论

W.E.B. Du Bois’ exhibit of African American history and culture at the 1900 Paris Exposition Universelle attracted the attention of a world of sociological scholarship whose value his work challenged. Du Bois believed that Spencerian sociologists failed in their attempts to gain greater understanding of human deeds because their work examined not deeds but theories and because they gathered data not to affect social progress but merely to theorize. In his exhibit, Du Bois sought to present cultural artifacts that would shift the focus of sociology from the construction of vast generalizations to the observation of particular, living individual elements of society and the working contributions of individual people to a vast functioning social structure.

1. The passage implies that Du Bois attributed which of the following beliefs to Spencerian sociologists?
A. Theorizing is important to the understanding of human actions
B. Vast generalizations have limited value.
C. Data gathering is a relatively unimportant part of sociological research.
D. Sociology should focus on the living elements of society rather than cultural artifacts.
E. Particulars are more important than universals.

For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.
2. The passage implies that Du Bois believed which of the following statements about sociology?
A. It should contribute to the betterment of society.
B. It should study what people actually do.
C. It should focus on how existing social structures determine individual behavior.


关于第二题，答案选的是AB，我认为A不能选，有没有小伙伴也是这样做的？目前因为题目还比较新，在网上没有找到相关讨论，所以发到版里和大家探讨一下。

题2定位到文章的最后一句

shift the focus of sociology from the construction of vast generalizations to the observation of particular, living individual elements of society and the working contributions of individual people to a vast functioning social structure.

shift from A to B and C的结构指的是the focus of sociology，所以我认为Du Bois关于sociology的看法在这一句中只体现在了focus，也就是sociology所侧重的研究对象。答案A说的是sociology should contribute to the betterment of the society. 然而文章中所指的contributions的发出者是individual people, 而不是sociology. 这里多少有点偷换概念的范围, 跳出了the focus of sociology这一个讨论范围.

我第二题也只选了B，强行看答案说服自己。
查了一下韦氏，对于function有一个解释是  vi. to have a function SERVE
不知道这里的serve是不是可以把原文强行解释为 "to a 大的有服务性的社会结构"

另外楼主可以帮我也看看我提的一道问题吗....  <求解一篇争论不休的阅读机经> 就在楼主的上一篇帖子...

同只选了B，理由和LZ差不多，强行记答案了orz

Passage 227 第二题答案错误

passage 227
Early in the twentieth century, San Francisco was the main venue for African American jazz musicians on the West Coast of the United States. Musical activity was centered in a district known as the Barbary Coast, where an abundance of nightclubs provided ample work opportunities for local players and drew musicians and other entertainers, many of them African American, from throughout the country. In 1921, as part of its Prohibition-era efforts, the government closed the Barbary Coast. This closure was the decisive event that established Los Angeles as the premier center for jazz on the West Coast. Once the Barbary Coast was shut down, it became far harder for jazz musicians to make a living in San Francisco; thus, many headed south to Los Angeles. Yet even before that closing, the center of jazz activity had begun to swing southward. With the largest and fastest growing African American urban community in the West, as well as the growing movie industry and an emerging recording industry, Los Angeles was already a magnet for jazz musicians from other parts of the country, especially New Orleans, where jazz players suffered a devastating blow with closing of the Storyville district in 1917.
. 1point 3acres
1. The primary purpose of the passage is to
A. point out the parallel effects on jazz music of governmental actions in San Francisco and New Orleans
B. offer an alternative to the standard explanation for the decline of San Francisco as a jazz center
C. argue for the importance of Californian cities in the development of jazz
D. present and refute an argument about the reasons for a demographic shift in jazz activity
E. outline the factors that contributed to a change in the Geographical locus of jazz activity

2. The passage cites which of the following as a factor helping to explain San Francisco’s preeminence as a center for jazz music on the West Coast early in the twentieth century?
A. The number of job opportunities for musicians in San Francisco’s nightclub district
B. The efforts by the government to enforce Prohibition in San Francisco
C. The existence of venues for many different types of jazz in the San Francisco area
D. The relative accessibility of San Francisco, as compared to Los Angeles, for musicians from elsewhere in the country
E. The fact that San Francisco at that time had a larger African American population than Los Angeles

3. It can be inferred from the passage that, for African American musicians, which of the following became an advantage of Los Angeles over San Francisco only after 1921?
A. It became easier to travel to Los Angeles than to San Francisco
B. Prohibition had less impact on the availability of work opportunities in Los Angeles
C. Nightclubs in Los Angeles offered better pay to jazz musicians than did nightclubs in San Francisco
D. The movie industry in Los Angeles became an important source of employment for jazz musicians
E. The African American community in Los Angeles began to expand rapidly

贴一下KMF的解析答案
2. 本题问20世纪早期，为什么San Francisco会成为jazz center。定位到文章第二句，many of them African American。 同时，注意到文章最后一句说到，随着African American的增加，Los Angles was already a magnet for jazz可知African American的数量是影响一个地方能否成为center的因素。E选项正确。

首先题干是cites which of the following as a factor说明这是一道事实题而不是一道推断题，选项必须忠于原文的表达. A选项为原文同义改写。 E选项属于无中生有，原文没有提到LA和San Francisco黑人人口的比较。此外根据题干San Francisco的定位，可以直接定位到1921之前的部分，后面的内容都是无关的。相信大部分人这题都会选择A的。

我看的张巍的答案，只有B。感觉张巍的是对的

我记得我当时也纠结了好久，最后强行记的答案。。。

"Du Bois believed that Spencerian sociologists failed in their attempts to gain greater understanding of human deeds because their work examined not deeds but theories and because they gathered data not to affect social progress but merely to theorize."

我觉得应该选择ab 原文改写。

zqmy1996 发表于 2018-11-4 22:31
"Du Bois believed that Spencerian sociologists failed in their attempts to gain greater understandin ...

楼上应该是正解。焦点局限于最后一句话的话确实得不出B是正确的，楼上定位的这句话才是B正确的依据。

感谢楼主！

现在回答可能晚了点，但希望后来一样有问题的朋友可以有所启发。
首先正确答案是A, B，在最新的张巍机经300篇第215篇第二题，老肖填空88篇第二题以及微臣最新6月one pass阅读Day10中Passage87中这题的答案都是AB。
然后再说下原因，楼主这边的定位可能有点偏差，正确的定位是在第二句‘Du Bois believed that Spencerian sociologists failed in their attempts to gain greater understanding of human deeds because their work examined not deeds but theories and because they gathered data not to affect social progress but merely to theorize. ’中‘affect social progress’