Introduction to Statistics: Descriptive Statistics 课程汇总帖

Course website:
https://www.edx.org/course/uc-be ... x-introduction-1138

About this Course:
We are surrounded by information, much of it numerical, and it is important to know how to make sense of it. Stat2x is an introduction to the fundamental concepts and methods of statistics, the science of drawing conclusions from data. The goal of descriptive statistics is to summarize and present numerical information in a manner that is illuminating and useful. The course will cover graphical as well as numerical summaries of data, starting with a single variable and progressing to the relation between two variables. Methods will be illustrated with data from a variety of areas in the sciences and humanities.

Course Schedule:
Week 1:
Section 1: Introduction
    Lec 1.1: Why study descriptive statistics?
    Lec 1.2: Variables: terminology
    Lec 1.3 Bar graphs: describing categorical data
Section 2: The histogram
    Lec 2.1: Describing one quantitative variable
    Lec 2.2: How to draw a histogram
    Lec 2.3: Units and density
    Lec 2.4: Percentiles: estimating from histogram
    Lec 2.5: Percentiles: more carefully, from the data

Week 2:
Section 3: Measures of Location
    Lec 3.1: The median and the mode
    Lec 3.2: The average: calculation and basic properties
    Lec 3.3: Comparing and combining averages
    Lec 3. 4: The average and the histogram; the average and the median
    Lec 3.5: Markov’s inequality
Section 4: Measures of spread
    Lec 4.1: Range and interquartile range
    Lec 4.2: Deviations from average; the standard deviation (SD)
    Lec 4.3: Properties of the SD; Chebychev’s inequality

Week 3:
Section 4, continued
    Lec 4.4: Changing units of measurement; standard units
Section 5: The normal curve
    Lec 5.1: Bell shaped curves; the standard normal curve
    Lec 5.2: Normal curves: relation to the standard normal
    Lec 5.3: Approximating data histograms; percentiles revisited
    Lec 5.4: Not all histograms are bell shaped; Chebychev revisited
Mid-term Exam

Week 4:
Section 6: Relation between two variables
    Lec 6.1: Scatter diagrams
    Lec 6.2: The correlation coefficient: calculation and properties
    Lec 6.3: Using r: with caution!
Section 7: Regression
    Lec 7.1: Estimation; bivariate normal (“football shaped”) scatter diagrams
    Lec 7.2: Regression line: intuition; the equation in standard units; regression estimates
    Lec 7.3: Regression effect, Galton, and the regression fallacy
    Lec 7.4: Equation of the regression line

Week 5:
Section 8: Error in the regression estimate
    Lec 8.1: Least squares: why the regression line and no other
    Lec 8.2: The r.m.s. error of regression; calculations assuming bivariate normal scatter
    Lec 8.3: How regression is commonly used; estimating an “unknown true line”
Final Exam

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