50多个城市政府宣布种族主义为公共卫生危机

7月7日，田纳西州的孟菲斯市市议会以全票赞成通过了一项决议，宣布种族主义为公共卫生危机。该决议从1866年孟菲斯大屠杀（当时白人恐怖分子杀害和强奸了数十名黑人），说到现在的COVID-19大流行（冠状病毒不成比例地感染和杀害黑人居民），提出了系统性种族主义瘟疫的现实依据。

孟菲斯是美国50多个通过立法宣布种族主义为公共卫生危机的市县之一。这些宣言将种族主义对健康的影响与疾病、毒瘾等同起来，不仅在城市中出现，还在当地的医院系统和学区出现；它们在大城市中心兴起，也在郊区涌现。不论是白人占多数的城市，还是少数族裔占多数的城市，几乎在美国的每个地区都有。然而，几乎所有人都是通过决议、公告或其他一些不具约束力的文件来宣布这些宣言，这就使得它们到底能达到什么目的成为一个悬念。

另一方面，公共卫生科学正在坚定地坚持种族主义是一种公共卫生危机的观点。正如《新英格兰医学杂志》6月10日的一篇社论宣称，歧视和种族主义会促进大脑疾病，"加速衰老，阻碍血管和肾功能"，这就产生了 "美国黑人和其他少数族裔人口不成比例的疾病负担"。 美国公共卫生协会和美国医学协会也表示，种族主义属于他们的职责范围。

On July 7, Memphis passed a resolution declaring racism a public health crisis, following the examples of dozens of cities across the U.S. The city council vote was unanimous. The language of the resolution draws a through-line from the 1866 Memphis Massacre, when white terrorists killed and raped dozens of Black people, to the current Covid-19 pandemic, where the coronavirus has disproportionately infected and killed Black residents, in making the case for a plague of systemic racism. Memphis is now one of  more than 50 U.S. cities and counties that have passed legislation declaring racism a public health crisis. More than 50 city declarations put racism’s health impacts on par with disease and addiction. The declarations are popping up not just in cities, but also local hospital systems and school districts. They’ve sprouted in big urban centers, but also suburban and exurban municipalities; majority-white cities and majority-minority cities; and, across every region of the U.S. A cluster of small towns and villages in Connecticut has passed them, as has the Douglas County Board of Health in Nebraska.  Pretty much all of them have come in the form of resolutions, proclamations, or some other non-binding document, which leaves open the question of what these declarations will actually accomplish. Public health science is already solidly behind these efforts, as a number of health leaders and organizations have expressed in their own recent declarations. A June 10 editorial from the New England Journal of Medicine declared that discrimination and racism promote brain disease, “accelerate aging, and impede vascular and renal function,” which produces “disproportionate burdens of disease on black Americans and other minority populations.”  The American Public Health Association and American Medical Association have also  stated that racism falls within their bailiwicks.    source

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