欧盟公布7500亿欧元的经济刺激计划

欧盟领导人于周二公布了一项由德国总理Angela Merkel和法国总统Emmanuel Macron牵头的总额为7500亿欧元的经济刺激计划。欧洲国家将通过集体而不是单独出售债券的方式来筹集资金，大部分资金将被分发给遭受疫情打击最严重的成员国。在7500亿欧元的总额中，3900亿可用作无偿拨款，3600亿作为低息贷款。

这些非同寻常的措施反映了欧盟成员国之间的艰难共识：要解决他们所面临的危机需要采取开创性的措施，以确保欧盟的合法性、稳定和繁荣。德国总理Angela Merkel此次担任欧盟轮值主席国，她指出了南部的欧盟成员国所遭受的疫情打击的程度，并代表这些重灾区国家与北部的欧盟成员国辩论。北部的国家受疫情影响较小，并且对付出资金方面比较警惕。为了27个国家最后一致同意这项计划，欧盟成员国做出了艰难的妥协。

European countries will raise large sums by selling bonds collectively, rather than individually; and much of that money will be handed out to member nations hit hardest by the pandemic as grants that do not have to be repaid, and not as loans that would swell their national debts.

Those extraordinary steps reflected a difficult consensus among members: that the scale of the crisis facing them required groundbreaking measures to ensure the bloc’s legitimacy, stability and prosperity.

This time, Ms. Merkel, unusually for a German leader, and holding the E.U.’s rotating presidency, put her finger on the scale on behalf of hard-hit southern countries and did battle with the nations she once championed, the northern members that have been less affected by the virus and are wary of the vast sums being thrown around.

In the end, with a unanimous decision by the 27 nations needed for a plan to go forward, a bitter compromise prevailed. The ambitious plan pushed by Ms. Merkel and Mr. Macron was watered down, but remained significant. The overall figure of ?750 billion remained, but an original proposal to offer ?500 billion of that in the form of grants was trimmed back to ?390 billion, with ?360 billion earmarked for loans.  source

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